Adjusting speed isn't an isolated operation; it must be coordinated with the following parameters:

1. Laser Power

Relationship: Increase power, increase speed (within the allowable range). Higher power melts the material faster.

Adjustment Principle: As long as you can achieve a thorough cut, prioritize increasing power to improve efficiency rather than simply reducing speed.

2. Material Properties

Material Type: Different materials absorb laser light at different rates. For example, aluminum and stainless steel are typically cut slower than carbon steel because the former have higher reflectivity and better thermal conductivity.

Material Thickness: Increase thickness, decrease speed. This is the most crucial relationship. Thicker materials require more energy to melt through, so the laser head must move slower.

3. Assist Gas

Gas Type:

Oxygen (O₂): Oxygen reacts with metals in an exothermic oxidation reaction, increasing cutting speed (especially for carbon steel), but it can form an oxide layer.

Nitrogen (N₂): Provides protection and produces a clean cross-section. It requires higher power and pressure to remove the melt, resulting in a relatively slow cutting speed.

Gas Pressure: As pressure increases, speed increases (within certain limits). Higher pressures more effectively remove slag and prevent dross buildup.

4. Focal Position

The focal position determines the point where energy density is most concentrated. When the focal point is positioned below the sheet surface, the most efficient cutting energy distribution is achieved, resulting in optimal cutting speed and cross-section quality. Inaccurate focus significantly reduces cutting speed and quality.